https://docs.lvgl.io/8.2/overview/style.html

英文	自動翻訳

Fonts

In LVGL fonts are collections of bitmaps and other information required to render images of individual letters (glyph). A font is stored in a lv_font_t variable and can be set in a style's text_font field. For example:

lv_style_set_text_font(&my_style, &lv_font_montserrat_28);  /*Set a larger font*/

Fonts have a bpp (bits per pixel) property. It shows how many bits are used to describe a pixel in a font. The value stored for a pixel determines the pixel's opacity. This way, with higher bpp, the edges of the letter can be smoother. The possible bpp values are 1, 2, 4 and 8 (higher values mean better quality).

The bpp property also affects the amount of memory needed to store a font. For example, bpp = 4 makes a font nearly four times larger compared to bpp = 1.

Unicode support

LVGL supports UTF-8 encoded Unicode characters. Your editor needs to be configured to save your code/text as UTF-8 (usually this the default) and be sure that, LV_TXT_ENC is set to LV_TXT_ENC_UTF8 in lv_conf.h. (This is the default value)

To test it try

lv_obj_t * label1 = lv_label_create(lv_scr_act(), NULL);
lv_label_set_text(label1, LV_SYMBOL_OK);

If all works well, a ✓ character should be displayed.

Built-in fonts

There are several built-in fonts in different sizes, which can be enabled in lv_conf.h with LV_FONT_... defines.

Normal fonts

Containing all the ASCII characters, the degree symbol (U+00B0), the bullet symbol (U+2022) and the built-in symbols (see below).

LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_12 12 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_14 14 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_16 16 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_18 18 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_20 20 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_22 22 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_24 24 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_26 26 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_28 28 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_30 30 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_32 32 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_34 34 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_36 36 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_38 38 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_40 40 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_42 42 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_44 44 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_46 46 px font
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_48 48 px font

Special fonts

LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_12_SUBPX Same as normal 12 px font but with subpixel rendering
LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_28_COMPRESSED Same as normal 28 px font but stored as a compressed font with 3 bpp
LV_FONT_DEJAVU_16_PERSIAN_HEBREW 16 px font with normal range + Hebrew, Arabic, Persian letters and all their forms
LV_FONT_SIMSUN_16_CJK16 px font with normal range plus 1000 of the most common CJK radicals
LV_FONT_UNSCII_8 8 px pixel perfect font with only ASCII characters
LV_FONT_UNSCII_16 16 px pixel perfect font with only ASCII characters

The built-in fonts are global variables with names like lv_font_montserrat_16 for a 16 px height font. To use them in a style, just add a pointer to a font variable like shown above.

The built-in fonts with bpp = 4 contain the ASCII characters and use the Montserrat font.

In addition to the ASCII range, the following symbols are also added to the built-in fonts from the FontAwesome font.

The symbols can be used singly as:

lv_label_set_text(my_label, LV_SYMBOL_OK);

Or with together with strings (compile time string concatenation):

lv_label_set_text(my_label, LV_SYMBOL_OK "Apply");

Or more symbols together:

lv_label_set_text(my_label, LV_SYMBOL_OK LV_SYMBOL_WIFI LV_SYMBOL_PLAY);

Special features

Bidirectional support

Most languages use a Left-to-Right (LTR for short) writing direction, however some languages (such as Hebrew, Persian or Arabic) use Right-to-Left (RTL for short) direction.

LVGL not only supports RTL texts but supports mixed (a.k.a. bidirectional, BiDi) text rendering too. Some examples:

BiDi support is enabled by LV_USE_BIDI in lv_conf.h

All texts have a base direction (LTR or RTL) which determines some rendering rules and the default alignment of the text (Left or Right). However, in LVGL, the base direction is not only applied to labels. It's a general property which can be set for every object. If not set then it will be inherited from the parent. This means it's enough to set the base direction of a screen and every object will inherit it.

The default base direction for screens can be set by LV_BIDI_BASE_DIR_DEF in lv_conf.h and other objects inherit the base direction from their parent.

To set an object's base direction use lv_obj_set_base_dir(obj, base_dir). The possible base directions are:

LV_BIDI_DIR_LTR: Left to Right base direction
LV_BIDI_DIR_RTL: Right to Left base direction
LV_BIDI_DIR_AUTO: Auto detect base direction
LV_BIDI_DIR_INHERIT: Inherit base direction from the parent (or a default value for non-screen objects)

This list summarizes the effect of RTL base direction on objects:

Create objects by default on the right
lv_tabview: Displays tabs from right to left
lv_checkbox: Shows the box on the right
lv_btnmatrix: Shows buttons from right to left
lv_list: Shows icons on the right
lv_dropdown: Aligns options to the right
The texts in lv_table, lv_btnmatrix, lv_keyboard, lv_tabview, lv_dropdown, lv_roller are "BiDi processed" to be displayed correctly

Arabic and Persian support

There are some special rules to display Arabic and Persian characters: the form of a character depends on its position in the text. A different form of the same letter needs to be used if is isolated, at start, middle or end positions. Besides these, some conjunction rules should also be taken into account.

LVGL supports these rules if LV_USE_ARABIC_PERSIAN_CHARS is enabled.

However, there some limitations:

Only displaying text is supported (e.g. on labels), text inputs (e.g. text area) don't support this feature.
Static text (i.e. const) is not processed. E.g. texts set by lv_label_set_text() will be "Arabic processed" but lv_lable_set_text_static() won't.
Text get functions (e.g. lv_label_get_text()) will return the processed text.

Subpixel rendering

Subpixel rendering allows for tripling the horizontal resolution by rendering anti-aliased edges on Red, Green and Blue channels instead of at pixel level granularity. This takes advantage of the position of physical color channels of each pixel, resulting in higher quality letter anti-aliasing. Learn more here.

For subpixel rendering, the fonts need to be generated with special settings:

In the online converter tick the Subpixel box
In the command line tool use --lcd flag. Note that the generated font needs about three times more memory.

Subpixel rendering works only if the color channels of the pixels have a horizontal layout. That is the R, G, B channels are next each other and not above each other. The order of color channels also needs to match with the library settings. By default, LVGL assumes RGB order, however this can be swapped by setting LV_SUBPX_BGR 1 in lv_conf.h.

戻る : Previous

App:Library:LVGL:docs:Overview:Fonts